2021硕士研究生英语二Text1

“Reskilling” is something that sounds like a buzzword but is actually a requirement if we plan to have a future where a lot of would-be workers do not get left behind. We know we are moving into a period where the jobs in demand will change rapidly, as will the requirements of the jobs that remain. Research by the World Economic Forum finds that on average 42 percent of the “core skills” within job roles will change by 2022. That is a very short timeline.

新技能听起来像一个流行词，但是实际上他是我们计划获得未来的必要条件，在未来将会有大量的工人失业。我们知道我们即将进入一个工作要求和需求都将会快速变化的新阶段。通过世界经济论坛的调查发现：工作岗位中平均42%的核心技能到2022年将会发生改变，这是一个非常短的时间表。

Reskilling：v. （为新工作）学习新技能, 教（某人）新技能
sounds：n. 声音, 响声, 声响, 音响v. 听起来…的, 响, 鸣警报, 拉响警报
        adj. 健全的，健康的；明智的；合理的；正确的；可靠的；有效彻底的
        adv. 酣（睡）, （睡得）沉linkv. 听起来好像, 让人听着好像
buzzword：n. 流行词, 行话, 时髦词汇, 漂亮口号
requirement：n. 必要条件, 所需的（或所要的）东西, 必备的条件
left behind：phrase. 遗留, 留下, 追过, 留在后头
Forum：n. 公共讨论场所；论坛；讨论会
timeline：n. 时间表, 大事年表

　　The question of who should pay for reskilling is a thorny one. For individual companies, the temptation is always to let go of workers whose skills are no longer in demand and replace them with those whose skills are. That does not always happen. AT&T is often given as the gold standard of a company that decided to do a massive reskilling program rather than go with a fire-and-hire strategy. Other companies had also pledged to create their own plans. When the skills mismatch is in the broader economy though, the focus usually turns to government to handle. Efforts in Canada and elsewhere have been arguably languid at best, and have given us a situation where we frequently hear of employers begging for workers, even at times and in regions where unemployment is high.

       谁该为新技能买单是一个棘手的问题。对个别公司而言，诱惑总是让那些技能不再被需要的工人离开，让拥有新技能的工人替换掉他们。这些情况并不经常发生。AT&T经常按照全球企业的标准去做大量的新技能相关的项目而不是进入一个开除和招聘的战略。另外一些公司也保证去制定他们自己的计划。当技能不匹配发生在更广泛的经济领域，大家关注的焦点就会转变为希望政府去解决处理。加拿大和其他地方的努力充其量也可以说是乏力的，并且给我们留下了一个频繁听见雇主缺少工人同时工人缺少工作的处境。

thorny：adj. 棘手的, 麻烦的, 引起争议的, 有刺的
individual：adj. 单独的，独有的；个别的；一个人（使用）的；独特的，与众不同的n. 个人，个体；某种类型的人
temptation：n. 诱惑，引诱； 诱惑物
demand：n. 要求; 需要; 需求; 所需之物v. 要求, 请求; 需要; 询问, 查问; 强令; 召唤
pledged：n. 保证，誓言；抵押，抵押品v. 保证，发誓；抵押，典当
mismatch：n. 错配, 误配, 搭配不当v. 配错
broader：adj. 宽阔的， 广阔的；…宽（用于表示距离的量度之后）；广博的，丰富的；粗略的，概括的，一般的；口音重的
         n. （对女人的粗俗称呼）娘儿们adv. 宽阔地
Efforts：n. 力气; 精力; 努力; 费力, 痛苦
arguably：adv. 可论证地, 按理说, 可以说; 可能, 大概; 有争议余地地
languid：adj. 慢悠悠的, 慵懒的
situation：n. 情况, 形势, 处境,〈正式〉工作, 地点

　　With the pandemic, unemployment is very high indeed. In February, at 3.5 percent and 5.5 percent respectively, unemployment rates in Canada and the United States were at generational lows and worker shortages were everywhere. As of May, those rates had spiked up to 13.3 percent and 13.7 percent, and although many worker shortages had disappeared, not all had done so. In the medical field, to take an obvious example, the pandemic meant that there were still clear shortages of doctors, nurses and other medical personnel.

       随着这种普遍的情况深入，失业率已经非常的高。在二月份，失业率分别是3.5%和5.5%，失业率在加拿大和美国都是处在一个低谷并且用工短缺到处都是。截止5月，这些失业率高达13.3%和13.7%，并且尽管很多用工紧张的情况已经有所缓解，但是并没有完全解决。在医疗领域，就是一个明显的例子，大流行就意为着在医疗这个领域医生、护士和其他医疗人员还是有明显的短缺。

pandemic：n. 大流行病，（流行全国[全世界]的）传染病，瘟疫adj. （疾病）流行全国[全世界]的，〔医〕大流行的，全国流行的，普遍的
indeed：adv. 的确，确实（强调肯定的陈述或答复）
respectively:adv. 各自地，分别地
generational:adj. 一代的, 代与代之间的
As of May:“as of the date”的意思是在终止之日的意思
spiked up to：高达，达到
medical：adj. 医疗的，医学的

　　Of course, it is not like you can take an unemployed waiter and train him to be a doctor in a few weeks. But even if you cannot close that gap, maybe you can close others, and doing so would be to the benefit of all concerned. That seems to be the case in Sweden: When forced to furlough 90 percent of their cabin staff, Scandinavian Airlines decided to start up a short retraining program that reskilled the laid-off workers to support hospital staff. The effort was a collective one and involved other companies as well as a Swedish university.

        当然，这个可不像你可以招聘一个失业的服务员那样，训练他们在几个星期内就可以成为一个医生。但是即使你不能关闭掉这个间隙，也许你可以关闭其他的并且这样可能对所有人都有利。就好像瑞典的一个案例那样：当面临90%空乘人员休假时，Scandinavian航空公司决定启动一个短期再培训项目，重新培训失业工人成为酒店员工。这是一项集体的努力，这其中包含一些其他企业和一所瑞典的大学。

Sweden:n. 瑞典, 【国】瑞典, 瑞典王国
furlough:n. （尤指在国外服役士兵的）休假（许可）, （犯人的）准假v. 给予休假, 强迫…休假
cabin:n. (轮船上生活或睡觉的)隔间; (飞机的)座舱; (通常为木制的)小屋v. 把…关在小屋内; 使受拘束; 隔开(房间); 住在小屋内
Scandinavian:adj. 北欧（人）的，斯堪的纳维亚语的n. 斯堪的纳维亚人，斯堪的纳维亚语
start up:phrase. (使)突然跳起,(使)惊起phrase. 突然出现,呈现phrase. 发起,创办;开始从事phrase. 开动,发动,启动phrase. 开始演奏
laid-off:adj. 被解雇的