2015硕士研究生英语二Text1翻译解析

A new study suggests that contrary to most surveys. People are actually more stressed at home than at work. Researchers measured people's cortisol，Which is it at stress marker. While they were at work and while they were at home and found it higher at what is supposed to be a place of refuge.

一项研究发现与大多数的调查相反。人们在家里比在工作时更加的焦虑。研究者们测量了人们的一种标记压力的皮质醇。当他们在工作期间和当他们在家庭期间发现当在所谓的避难所的地方是这个皮质醇会更高。

contrary：adj. 相反的，截然不同的n. 相反
actually：adv. 事实上, 竟然, （礼貌地纠正他人）实际上
stressed：adj. 焦虑不安, 心力交瘁, 重读的, 受压的v. “stress”的过去式和过去分词
measured：adj. 量过的，缓慢谨慎的，慎重的，克制的v. “measure”的过去分词和过去式
refuge：n. 避难所, 庇护, 慰藉, 庇护者v. 避难, 〈古〉庇护
marker：n. 标记, 特征, 标识, 记号笔
cortisol：n. 【生化】皮质醇, 【药】氢可的松
supposed：adj. 误以为的, 误信的, 所谓的v. “suppose”的过去式和过去分词；假定； 猜想，推测
While：n. 一会儿, 一段时间v. 消磨conj. 虽然, 尽管, 在…期间, 当…的时候prep. 〈古〉直至(某时)

　　"Further contradicting conventional wisdom, we found that women as well as men have lower levels of stress at work than at home," writes one of the researchers，Sarah Damaske. In fact women say they feel better at work, She notes. "it is men, not women. Who report being happier at home than at work," Another surprise is that the findings hold true for both those with childrcn and without, but more so for nonparents. This is why people who work outside the home have better health.

       我们发现与传统智慧有很大的不同的是：女人和男人一样都在工作时比在家里时有较低的压力水平。一个名叫Sarah Damaske研究者写到。实际上妇女们说他们在工作中会感觉好点,她指出。是男人而不是女人说在家里比在工作更开心。另外一个出乎意料的事就是：研究结果表明这种情况不管他们是否有孩子还是没有孩子都适用。但是对于非父母的人而言情况更是如此。这就是为啥人们在外面工作比呆在家里更加健康的原因了。

Further：adv. 较远，更远；在更大程度上；进一步adj. 更进一步的；更多的，附加的v. 促进；增进
contradict ：vt. 反驳；与…矛盾
conventional：adj. 传统的；习惯的，常规的
wisdom：n. 智慧；才智；明智；学识，学问
surprise：n. 惊讶, 惊奇, 意外, 意想不到（或突然）的事v. 使惊奇, 使诧异, 使感到意外, 出其不意地攻击
          adj. 出乎意料的, 令人惊奇的
hold true：是 适用，有效的意思
hold true for ：就是对...适用
nonparents：n. 非父母

　　What the study doesn't measure is whether people are still doing work when they' re at home, whether it is household work or work brought home from the office. For many men, the end of the workday is a time to kick back. For women who stay home, they never get to leave the office. And for women who work outside the home, they often are playing catch-up-with-household tasks. With the blurring of roles, and the fact that the home front lags well behind the workplace in making adjustments for working women, it' s not surprising that women are more stressed at home.

         这项研究没有衡量的是当人们待在家里时是否还在工作，是否是家务工作还是将办公室的工作带回了家。对于很多男人而言，工作日结束就是放松时间。对于一些待在家里的妇女而言，他们从来没有离开过办公室。并且对于一些在外工作的妇女而言，他们经常需要承担照顾家庭的重担。由于角色模糊，工作中的妇女在家的调整难度更大这一事实，女性在家的压力更大就不足为奇了。

measure：v. 测量, 度量, 估量n. 措施, 衡量, 方法, 程度linkv. （指尺寸、长短、数量等）量度为
household：n. 家庭, 一家人, 同住一所（或一套）房子的人adj. 家庭的, 家常的, 王室的
brought：v. 带来（bring的过去分词）
kick :v. 踢, 踹, 踢蹬, 踢（腿）n. 踢, 踢腿, 踢脚, 极度刺激
kick back放松
lag：落后于；高频词汇；
catch-up-with-household:赶上家庭任务
blurring：v. （blur的现在分词）（使）变得模糊不清, （使）视线模糊, （使）看不清, （使）难以区分adj. 模糊的
make adjustment for sb：为...做出协调；adjust to sth( 2014年text4）：适应某物

　　But it's not just a gender thing. At work, people pretty much know what they're supposed to be doing: working, making money, doing the tasks they have to do in order to draw an income. The bargain is very pure: Employee puts in hours of physical or mental labor and employee draws out life-sustaining moola.

      但是这个不仅仅是一个性别的事。在工作上，人们很清楚他们所谓去做的事事什么，工作、赚钱、完成他们必须去完成的任务为了获得报酬。这种交易是非常纯洁的：员工投入了数小时的体力和脑力劳动并且获得了维持生活的钱。

pretty：adv. 相当, 很adj. 漂亮的, 动听的, 指不够真诚的褒奖, 宜人的n. 心肝, 衣饰
draw an income=draw out moola：二者都表示，获得报酬的意思；
bargain：交易 n. 物美价廉的东西; 交易, 买卖; 协定, 协议v. 讨价还价; 讲条件, 谈判
physical or mental labor：体力和脑力劳动；写作积累词汇
sustain（动词，维持，支撑，供养）--life-sustaining（维持生命，维持生活）
pure：adj. 纯的, 纯净的, 纯粹的, 干净的
draws out：抽出
life-sustaining：生命维持; 维持生命的; 维持生存的; 维持生活; 维持生活的;
moola：n. 〈美俚〉钱

　　On the home front, however, people have no such clarity. Rare is the household in which the division of labor is so clinically and methodically laid out. There are a lot of tasks to be done, there are inadequate rewards for most of them. Your home colleagues-your family-have no clear rewards for their labor; they need to be talked into it, or if they' re teenagers, threatened with complete removal of all electronic devices. Plus, they' re your family. You cannot fire your family. You never really get to go home from home.

      然而，在家庭面前，人们分工就没有如此的清楚。很少有家庭劳动分工是如此的客观而有条理的被安排。这里有很多的任务需要去完成，但是大部分都没有足够的奖励。你的家庭同事--你的家人没有清晰的奖励对于他们的家庭劳动。他们需要被说服去做家务，或者他们是青少年，威胁他们完全移走所有的电子设备。另外，他们是你的家人。你不能开除你的家人，你从来没办法从家里下班回到家。

　　So it's not surprising that people are more stressed at home. Not only are the tasks apparently infinite, the co-workers are much harder to motivate.

        所以人们在家里更加有压力这个并不惊奇。不仅仅是任务看来无穷无尽，另外家庭中的同事也更加难激励。

front：n. 前面, 前线, 正面, 阵线adj. 前面的, 前部的, 在前的, 正面的v. 面向, 在…前面, 朝, 用…作正面adv. 在[向]前面
clarity:n. 清晰, 明确, 清楚, 清澈
Rare:adj. (事情、境况等)稀有的, 罕见的; (东西)珍贵的, 珍奇的; (肉)煎得嫩的; (蛋)半熟的, 溏心的
division:n. 分开; 分隔; 分配; 分隔物; 刻度, 标度; 部门; 部分; 分歧; 分裂; 除法; [军队编制]师
clinically:adv. 临床地；冷静高效地；实用地，不偏不倚地
methodically:adj. 有条理的, 有条不紊的, 办事有条不紊的
laid out:喝醉了的；安排；陈列；花费；责骂（lay out的过去式和过去分词形式）
inadequate:adj. 不充分的，不足的；不够好的；缺乏信心的
teenagers:n. 青少年
threatened:adj. 受到威胁的;感到危险的
apparently：adv. 显然, 可见, 看来
infinite：adj. 无限的，无穷无尽的；极大的n. 无限，无尽的事物
motivate：v. 激励，激发
be talked into：被说服（去做某事）

　　21.According to Pa ragraph 1，most previous su rveys found that home___________

　　[A]was an un realistic place for relaxation

　　[B]generated more stress than the workplace

　　[C]was an ideal place for stress measurement

　　[D]offered greater relaxation than the workplace

　　22.According to Damaske， who are likely to be the happiest at home?

　　[A]Working mothers

　　[B]Childless husbands

　　[C] Childless wives

　　[D]Working fathers

　　23 The blurring of working women's roles refers to the fact thay___________

　　[A]they are both bread winners and housewives

　　[B]their home is also a place for kicking back

　　[C]there is often much housework left behind

　　[D]it is difficult for them to leave their office

　　24.The word"moola"(Line 4，Para 4)most probably means___________

　　[A]energy

　　[B]skills

　　[C]earnings

　　[D]nutrition

　　25.The home front differs from the workplace in that_____________

　　[A]home is hardly a cozier working environment

　　[B]division of labor at home is seldom clear-cut

　　[C]household tasks are generally more motivating

　　[D]family labor is often adequately rewarded

　　答案：

　　21.D offered greater relaxation than the workplace

　　22.B childless husbands

　　23.A they are both bread winners and housewives

　　24.C earnings

　　25.B division of labor at home is seldom clear-cut

附录：

1、2015真题1

2、2015英语二真题

3、参考翻译1

4、参考翻译2

4、增词法

5、倒装句