2013硕士研究生英语二Text1

In an essay, entitled “Making It in America,” in the latest issue of The Atlantic, the author Adam Davidson relates a joke from cotton country about just how much a modern textile mill has been automated: The average mill has only two employees today, “a man and a dog. The man is there to feed the dog, and the dog is there to keep the man away from the machines.”

      发表在大西洋期刊上最新一篇名为《成功在美国》的文章中，作者Adam Davidson讲了一个产棉区的笑话，与现代化纺织工厂自动化有关：一个普通的工厂现在只需要2个员工，一个人一条狗，人主要是来喂养狗的，而狗主要是用来让人远离机器。

Davidson’s article is one of a number of pieces that have recently appeared making the point that the reason we have such stubbornly high unemployment and sagging middle-class incomes today is largely because of the big drop in demand and because of the Great Recession, but it is also because of the quantum advances in both globalization and the information technology revolution, which are more rapidly than ever replacing labor with machines or foreign workers.

       Davidson的文章和最近出现的文章一样，观点是认为时至今日这么高的失业率和中产阶级的收入下降的原因很大程度是因为大萧条引起的大量需求下降，同样也是全球化和信息技术的变革，这种变革使得机器或者外来工人替换劳动力的速度远高于任何时期。

In the past, workers with average skills, doing an average job，could earn an average lifestyle ,But ,today ,average is officially over. Being average just won't earn you what it used to. It can’t when so many more employers have so much more access to so much more above average cheap foreign labor, cheap robotics, cheap software, cheap automation and cheap genius. Therefore, everyone needs to find their extra-their unique value contribution that makes them stand out in whatever is their field of employment.

       在过去，工人需要基本的技能，做普通的工作，可以获得一个普通的生活方式，但是现在普通工作正式结束了。具备基本技能已近不能获得像以前一样的生活了。当越来越多的雇主可以通过如此多的方式获得越来越多廉价的外来劳动力、廉价的机器人技术、廉价的软件，廉价的自动化技术和廉价的人才这是基本技能就无法立足了。因此，每个人都需要寻找自己额外的价值----可以让他们在自己受雇佣的领域脱颖而出，独立无二的价值贡献。

Yes, new technology has been eating jobs forever, and always will. But there’s been an acceleration. As Davidson notes,” In the 10 years ending in 2009, [U.S.] factories shed workers so fast that they erased almost all the gains of the previous 70 years; roughly one out of every three manufacturing jobs-about 6 million in total -disappeared.

       没错，新技术会一直吞噬工作机会。将来仍旧如此。但是这种情况还在加速。正如Davidson在文章中所指出的那样：截止2009年之前的10年里，美国工厂裁员如此之快，以至于他们抹掉了几乎之前70年所有的积累，大约三分之一的制造业岗位-总计600万个--消失了。

There will always be changed------new jobs, new products, new services. But the one thing we know for sure is that with each advance in globalization and the I.T. revolution, the best jobs will require workers to have more and better education to make themselves above average.

       变化总是存在----新的工作，新的产品，新的服务。但是我们确信的一件事是伴随着每一次全球化和IT信息技术革命的进步，最好的工作要求人们接受更多更好的教育去摆脱平庸。

In a world where average is officially over, there are many things we need to do to support employment, but nothing would be more important than passing some kind of G.I.Bill for the 21st century that ensures that every American has access to post-high school education.

在一个平庸正式结束的世界，我们需要做很多的事来支持就业。在21世纪没有什么事比通过G.I法案更重要了。它可以确保每个美国人都有权利获得高等教育的计划。

附录：

1、每日一练148-192

2、average skill（基本技能）-average job（普通工作）-average lifestyle（中等的生活）-average mill（一般工厂）

3、have access to sth：有获得某物的权利；获取某物，得到某物；

4、nothing would be more important than A:没有什么比A更重要；A最重要；写作积累表达；